Within the continuing education program at the Center for Marine Sciences at the University of Basra, Assistant Professor Dr. Abdul-Hussein Jaafar Abdullah in the Department of Marine Vertebrates gave a lecture entitled (Organization and Functions in the Ecosystem). It represents the smallest component in the ecosystem and then the Population, which includes individuals of one species, and then the Community, which contains gatherings of different types of neighborhoods, and these neighborhoods live within a specific environment called Habitat. It is broader and includes several environments called the Ecosystem, then the Biomes, which includes several ecosystems, and then the Biosphere which includes all ecosystems. The functions of the ecosystem include all the services provided by the system to the living, such as food, medicine, raw materials for various industries, and others.
