The College of Education for Pure Sciences, Department of Life Sciences, has researched a doctoral thesis on (Studying the immune effects of Shiga antigens (STX1, STX2) and their relationship to programmed cell death). The thesis presented by the researcher (Kazem Adel Hadi) included the current study to investigate the effect of programmed cell death (Apoptosis) of Shiga toxin 1 (Stx1) protein on immune lymphocytes and detect antibodies against the protein in patients with chronic urinary tract infection, bloody diarrhea patients and acute renal failure patients. 96 blood samples were collected and divided into 89 patient samples (chronic urinary tract infection, bloody diarrhea and renal failure). The samples were distributed among males with a number of 68 samples and females with 21 samples of patients. The age groups were between (5 years to over 45 years). The current study included the isolation and identification of 28 bacterial isolates, including 11 Escherichia coli isolates. The thesis concluded that programmed cell death in the current study indicates that Stx1 induces cell apoptosis in a concentration- and time-dependent manner, where the highest percentage of programmed cell death was recorded at a concentration of 1% after 24 hours, reaching 53%, which is the highest compared to the rest of the concentrations and time periods. The results of the current study noted that the percentage of specific IgG antibodies against Stx1 toxins was (55.94%, 60%, 33%) in patients with chronic urinary tract infection and samples from patients with renal failure and bloody diarrhea, respectively.
