The thesis of the researcher (Mona Khazal Jaber Al-Qatrani) included the treatment of date palm cultivar Shukr with growth hormone (jasmonic acid) at concentrations (0, 25, 50, 75) micromolar and (selenium) at concentrations (0, 10, 20, 30) mmol exposed to stress. NaCl in concentrations (0, 50, 100, 200) mM ex vivo The thesis aims to test the effect of different levels of salt stress and its effect on the growth and development of callus and vegetative branches of the date palm variety Shukr multiplied in the laboratory, and to test the effectiveness of different concentrations of jasmonic acid in raising the efficiency of the plant to resist the conditions of salt stress and to test the addition of selenium as an antioxidant and to determine the optimal concentration in reducing Damage caused by stress and studying the phenotypic, biochemical, enzymatic and protein phenotypes of stressed and treated cultures. The thesis concluded that the tissue culture technique can be adopted in conducting laboratory studies to test the physiological and biochemical effects in light of biotic and abiotic environmental stresses. The study also concluded that an increase in the levels of sodium chloride in the growth medium, especially at the level of 200 mmol, caused a negative effect and a decrease in growth parameters, and treatment with jasmonic acid led to an improvement in growth parameters, whether at the standard level or under salt stress and led to enhanced stress tolerance. Saline, especially at a concentration of 25 μM, also treatment with selenium at a concentration of 10 mM improved most of the growth parameters of stressed and non-stressed tissues, while the high concentration of 30 mM caused a negative effect and a severe decrease in the growth parameters. The results of electrophoresis of separated proteins on agarose gel showed a difference. in protein bundle patterns due to differential gene expression The thesis recommended conducting more studies to test the effect of jasmonite compounds in advanced stages of tissue cultures of date palm cultivars and other plants and to test other types of hormonal and non-hormonal antioxidant compounds and study their effect on the growth and development of plants exposed to environmental stresses.
