The College of Science at the University of Basra organized a seminar on the preparation of the restorative material in dentistry (glass ionomer cement) for the master’s graduate student (Kifayah Karad Zabih). Extracted from exhaust (oyster shells) .... The study included the definition of the material, its characteristics, its most important applications, the method of preparing the restored material (glass filling), and studying the effect of adding hydroxyapatite on the mechanical and physical properties of the glass filling. Through the results obtained, a significant improvement in the mechanical and physical properties of the glass material was noticed by adding 5% by weight of nano-hydroxyapatite to the glass material. Also, a dental restoration material with properties that conform to international standards was obtained through the use of natural sources represented by oyster shells.
