A Master's thesis at the College of Pharmacy, University of Basrah, by researcher Ahmed Mohammed Oudah, investigated the (Preparation and Evaluation of Ibuprofen Bilosome Gel for Enhanced Percutaneous Absorption).

The study detailed the successful formulation of Ibuprofen Bilosome particles using the ultrasonic probe method—a rapid, secure, cost-effective, and environmentally friendly preparation technique. Results from a six-hour ex vivo permeability study indicated a significant surge in drug absorption through the skin compared to the control group.

The study aimed to convert Ibuprofen powder into a nano-scale liquid bilosomal formulation with heightened lipophilicity to optimize skin barrier penetration. Furthermore, the bilosome gel was prepared and evaluated as a recommended topical dosage form to enhance permeability characteristics.