The doctoral thesis in the Department of Educational and Psychological Sciences / College of Education for Humanities, University of Basra, discussed ((The effect of the Needham and Koscroff-Osborn models on the acquisition of the concepts of the Foundations of Education course among students of the College of Education and their flexible thinking))
The thesis submitted by the student aimed to know (The effect of the Needham and Koscroff-Osborn models on the acquisition of the concepts of the Foundations of Education course among students of the College of Education and their flexible thinking) and to achieve the thesis aims, there are no statistically significant differences at the level (0.05) between the average scores of the students of the first experimental group who studied the Foundations of Education course according to the steps of the Needham model, and the average scores of the students of the second experimental group who studied the same course according to the steps of the Koscroff-Osborn model, and the average scores of the control group who studied the same course in the traditional way in acquiring concepts. There ... The scores of the students in the second group who studied the same subject according to the steps of the Cosgrove-Osborne model, and the average scores of the students in the control group who studied the same subject using the traditional method on the flexible thinking test. The thesis included a partial controlled experimental design as a research design, and the researcher intentionally selected a sample of first-year morning students in the Department of Educational and Psychological Sciences at the College of Education, University of Iraq. The study sample consisted of (92) male and female students, including two experimental groups and a control group. Using the random drawing method, the researcher rewarded the research groups in the variables (chronological age calculated in months, intelligence test, parents' achievement, flexible thinking test, previous year's average). The experiment began on Wednesday (11-22-2023 AD), and ended on Thursday (5/2/2024 AD), on the three study groups. For the purpose of statistically processing the data, the researcher used one-way analysis of variance and Sheffe's test for post-comparisons. The thesis concluded that the students of the first experimental group who studied the Foundations of Education subject according to the Needham model outperformed the students of the second experimental group who studied the subject according to the Coscroff-Osborne model in acquiring concepts and flexible thinking. The students of the two experimental groups outperformed Those who studied the Fundamentals of Education course according to the Needham and Koscroff-Osborn models were more successful than the control group students who studied the same course using the usual method of acquiring concepts and flexible thinking
