The master's thesis in the Department of Geography / College of Education for Humanities / University of Basra / (Raising cows and buffaloes in Basra Governorate) is a study in agricultural geography by the student (Anwar Jawad Kazim).
The thesis presented by the student Anwar Jawad Kazim aims to raise cows and buffaloes and their economic and nutritional importance due to their high content of proteins and elements necessary for human nutrition, as they constitute the basic pillar in the economies of many countries in the world, especially developing ones. This vital topic was addressed by one of the studies that research the geography of agriculture, which gives a clear picture of raising cows and buffaloes in Basra Governorate.
The message included that animal production in Iraq in general and Basra Governorate in particular went through different stages, once it flourished and became enough to meet the consumer's needs, and another time as a result of its scarcity, it caused a large deficit in food security due to the neglect of this aspect by the state, represented by the lack of government support in providing the necessary requirements for its advancement, such as the lack of vaccines, medicines, equipment, and the introduction of new breeds of cows and buffaloes for genetic improvement to raise production efficiency, with the combination of some factors that later turned into problems facing the breeding of cows and buffaloes in the governorate, such as the lack of natural pastures, climate, fluctuations in animal prices, lack of veterinary health care services, lack of successful marketing with a deterioration in the methods of transportation, in addition to the lack of experience of the breeder who still uses the old primitive methods without trying to learn about the latest methods and techniques used to deal with these animals, so animal production remained limited. The most dangerous of what was mentioned is the problem of diseases that affect these animals, some of which are common between humans and animals and are transmitted to humans through eating animal products of animals infected with these diseases. The problem of diseases coincides with the lack of experience of the breeder in how to deal with the disease before it spreads, which causes a decrease in animal productivity and sometimes leads to its death, causing an economic loss that cannot be easily overcome. The thesis concluded that four types of breeds and two types of buffalo are spread in the study area. A clear difference appeared in the breeding of cows and buffaloes in Basra Governorate. Natural, human and biological factors play a major role in their breeding, with the presence of types of problems that stand in the way of developing this sector
