The Department of Ecology at the College of Science, University of Basra, held a seminar on the treatment of pathogenic bacteria in hospital wastewater using plant extracts from the plants *Vitex agnus-castus* (Chaste tree) and *Cassia angustifolia* (Egyptian cassia), as well as silver nanoparticles.
The seminar, presented by Master's student Mustafa Abdul Karim Jadou, aimed to promote the biological treatment of bacterial-contaminated water using plants. This method is considered safe, environmentally friendly, and effective in eliminating pathogenic bacteria.
The seminar addressed the high effectiveness of extracts from *Vitex agnus-castus* and *Cassia angustifolia* in inhibiting the growth of pathogenic bacteria isolated from hospital wastewater.
The seminar recommended further research into the effectiveness of these plants in treating pathogenic bacteria in water and the use of silver nanoparticles produced through green synthesis in other applications, such as herbicides and disinfectants.
