Doctoral Dissertation at the University of Basrah Investigates the Preventive and Therapeutic Effects of Propolis and Nano-Propolis
A doctoral dissertation at the College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Basrah, examined “The Preventive and Therapeutic Effects of Propolis and Nano-Propolis Against Aluminum Chloride-Induced Toxicity.”
The dissertation, presented by researcher Abrar Salman Abdulrazzaq, aimed to evaluate the preventive and therapeutic effects of propolis and nano-propolis in mitigating aluminum chloride-induced damage to the male reproductive system.
The study investigated the expression of the Bax and Bcl-2 genes associated with programmed cell death (apoptosis). It also evaluated physiological and biochemical indicators, oxidative stress, reproductive hormone levels, semen quality parameters, and histopathological changes.
The dissertation concluded that nano-propolis was successfully synthesized while preserving its biological properties. Both conventional propolis and nano-propolis contributed to improving reproductive hormone levels, semen quality parameters, and gene expression, with nano-propolis demonstrating superior efficacy across most of the evaluated indicators.
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